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1 πτωχεύω
πτωχεύω (πτωχός) fut. 3 sg. πτωχεύσει Pr 23:21; 1 aor. ἐπτώχευσα (=‘beg’ Hom.+; LXX; Tat. 9, 1) to be or become poor as a beggar, be (extremely) poor (Aristot., Rhet. 27 in contrast to πλουτεῖν; Antiphanes Com. 322 Kock; Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 394b) of Christ in ref. to renunciation of transcendent prosperity ἐπτώχευσεν πλούσιος ὤν he became poor (for the aor. cp. Tob 4:21; B-D-F §331; Rob. 834) 2 Cor 8:9 (some idea of the contrast can be gained from Ps.-Aristot, De Mundo 6, 398b). Of Christians, w. acc. of ref. πτωχεύουσι καὶ πλουτίζουσι πολλούς Dg 5:13. ὁ πλούσιος τὰ πρὸς τὸν κύριον πτωχεύει Hs 2:5.—Schmidt, Syn. IV 392. DELG s.v. πτήσσω III. TW. -
2 πτωχεύω
A- σω Od. 15.309
: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.πτωχεύεσκον 18.2
:—to be a beggar, go begging, Il.cc.;ἀνὰ δῆμον 19.73
, cf. Tyrt.10.4, Ar.Nu. 921 (anap.), etc.;ἐπὶ ξενίας Antipho 2.2.9
.3 metaph. c. gen., to be badly off for, πραγμάτων, of historians, Plb.7.7.6.2 c. acc.pers., ask an alms of,φίλους Thgn.922
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πτωχεύω
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3 πτωχός
A beggar, Od. 14.400, 18.1, Hdt.3.14, etc.; , cf. 17.475;πτωχὸς πτωχῷ φθονέει Hes.Op.26
;π. ἀνὴρ ἀλαλήμενος ἐλθών Od.21.327
;π. καὶ ἀλήμονες ἄνδρες 19.74
;πτωχοὺς ἀλᾶσθαι E.Med. 515
;πτωχοῦ βίος ζῆν ἐστιν μηδὲν ἔχοντα, τοῦ δὲ πένητος ζῆν φειδόμενον Ar.Pl. 552
: prov.,πτωχοῦ πήρη οὐ πίμπλαται Call.Fr. 360
: πτωχή beggar-woman, Ath.10.453a (so πτωχός (fem.), S.OC 444);χήρα πτωχή Ev.Marc.12.42
.2 metaph.,οἱ π. τῷ πνεύματι Ev.Matt.5.3
, cf. Ev.Luc.6.20.II as Adj., beggarly,πτωχῷ διαίτῃ S.OC 751
;π. στοιχεῖα Ep.Gal.4.9
: c. gen., beggared of, poor in, [πηγὴ] π. νυμφῶν AP9.258
(Antiphan.).2 [comp] Comp.πτωχότερος Timocl.6.10
; prov., π. κίγκλου 'as poor as a church mouse', Men.221; irreg.πτωχίστερος Ar.Ach. 425
: [comp] Sup.πτωχότατος AP10.50
(Pall.).3 Adv. - χῶς poorly, scantily,ἠροτρία π. μέν, ἀλλ' ἀναγκαίως Babr.55.2
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4 πτωχός
Grammatical information: m. (f.)Meaning: `beggar', also adj. `begging, poor' (Od.).Compounds: Some compp., e.g. πτωχο-ποιός `drawing beggarly characters' (Ar.), `making beggars' (Plu.), ὑπέρ-πτωχος `very poor' (Arist.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 170 n. 3).Derivatives: πτωχ-ικός `beggarly' (Att.; Chantraine Études 119), - εῖον n. `almshouse' ( Cod. Iust. a.o.), - εύω `to beg' (Od.) with - εία, Ion. - ηΐη f. `beggary' (IA.), - ίζω `to make a beggar' (LXX).Etymology: Velar fornation like πτώξ, πτώσσω (s. vv. and πτοέω) with popular-expressive aspiration, but withour direct agreement; cf. however, with combined ρ-suffix, the synonymous πενι-χρός (s. πένομαι). With the much later perf. ἔπτηχα (Schwyzer 458 a. 772) there is no direct connection.Page in Frisk: 2,618Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πτωχός
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5 πένης
πένης, ητος (πένομαι ‘to work, toil’; Soph., Hdt. et al.; Jos., Ant. 14, 31) pert. to being obliged to work for a living, but not being reduced to begging, for the latter aspect πτωχός, q.v., is ordinarily used (s. Aristoph., Plut. 552f πτωχοῦ μὲν γὰρ βίος, ὸ̔ν σὺ λέγεις, ζῆν ἐστι μηδὲν ἔχοντα• τοῦ δὲ πένητος ζῆν φειδόμενον καὶ τοῖς ἔργοις προσέχοντα=for the life of a beggar that you describe means existence with nothing, but that of the poor means sparse living and sticking to the job), opp. πλούσιος poor, needy in our lit. only subst. ὁ π. the poor person (Pla., X. et al.; PRyl 62, 11; PRein 47, 11; LXX; pseudepigr.; Philo; Jos., Bell. 4, 379, Ant. 7, 149; Ar., Tat.) 2 Cor 9:9 (Ps 111:9); 1 Cl 15:6 (Ps 11:6. For the juxtaposition here and elsewhere in the LXX of πένης and πτωχός [s. also PsSol 5:11; TestJob 12:1; 32:2; TestAsh 2:6]; Ammonius Gr. [100 A.D.] p. 108 Valck.; PFlor 296, 18); GJs 20:1 codd. Opp. ὁ πλούσιος (X., An. 7, 7, 28; Pla., Prot. 319d; Plut., Pericl. 155 [7, 3]; PSI 120, 47; 2 Km 12:1; 1 Esdr 3:19; Pr 23:4; EpArist 249; TestAbr A; TestReub 4:7; Tat. 11, 1) Hs 2:5ff; B 20:2; D 5:2. W. χήρα, ὀρφανός Pol 6:1.—JHemelrijk, Πενία en Πλοῦτος, diss. Utrecht 1925; JJvanManen, Πενία en Πλοῦτος in de periode na Alexander, diss. Utrecht ’31.—B. 782. Schmidt, Syn. II 611–25. DELG s.v. πένομαι. M-M. TW. -
6 λήκυθος
Grammatical information: f. (on the gender Schwyzer-Debrunner 34 n. 2)Meaning: `oil-, parfumbottle with handle' (Od.), also metaph. rhetorical bombast' (Cic., Plin.; = Lat. ampulla).Dialectal forms: Epid. λάκυθος (IVa)Compounds: Few compp., e.g. αὑτο-λήκυθος `who carries (for poverty) his own oilcasket' = `poor man, beggar' (Att.).Derivatives: Diminutivum ληκύθιον (Att.), ληκυθιάδες ἐνώτια ποιά (H.), ληκυτίαι pl. = λήκυθοι (pap.). - Denomin. verb ληκυθίζω `give a dump, hollow sound (as from a bottle with a small neck), speak deep in the throat' (Call., Str., Phryn., Poll.) with ληκυθ-ιστής `who recited with hollow voice, κοιλόφωνος'(S. Fr. 1063, H.), - ισμός `hollow, dump speaking' (Plu.); also as backformation λήκυθος τὸ μεταξὺ τοῦ λαυκανίου καὶ αὑχένος ἠχῶδες (Clearch.); cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 35 n. 12, Bill ClassPhil. 36, 46ff.; extensive Quincey Class Quart. 43, 32ff. with diff. interpretation and discussion.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Cultural word (cf. Schwyzer 61, Hermann Glotta 13, 152); also GN Λήκυθος (Macedonia). Wrong IE etymologies in Bq and v. Blumenthal Gnomon 10, 526. Connection with OCS lakъtь, Russ. lákotь `pot' is doubtful, s. Vasmer Wb. s. v. (see Machek Studia in hon. Acad. d. Dečev 50). On λήκυθος in gen. L. J. Elferink, Lekythos. Archäologische, sprachliche und religionsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen. Amsterdam 1934 (in linguistical aspects contestable). - Fur. 121 connects λάγῡνος, λάγιον `beaker, vase'.Page in Frisk: 2,116Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λήκυθος
См. также в других словарях:
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